The part of the decision-making process that relies on situational awareness, problem recognition and good judgement to reduce the risks associated with each flight. Common tools include the PAVE checklist for identifying hazards, the 5P check (Plan, Plane, Pilot, Passengers, Programming) applied at decision points, and a personal minimums checklist.

Source FAA Risk Management Handbook (FAA-H-8083-2)↗ · checked 2026-08-25